Modifications are also critical for polymers and resins, fortified materials, sensors and also computational processing units. There CNTs have a formidable sorptive character and can be tailored to fit various functions such as superhydrophobicity, metal-sorption, aromatic compounds removal and other parts of environmental sciences. These three fundamental approaches for modifying carbon nanotubes, without disruption of the carbon cage structure, or without excessive loss of the aromatic density of the surface of the CNTs, are selected because they can form a basis for modifying CNTs to work in various applications, particularly with reference towards microelectronics, where modification is required and plays a role for the CNTs as Schottky contacts, biosensors and nanotransistors (Fig. In order to achieve an ideal functionalization basis for carbon nanotubes, solubilization, dispersion and poly-electrolyzation represent the starting phase of modifying CNTs. Functionalization and modification of the carbon nanotube is essential also because it gives completely new nanomaterials as starting base for developing new components in nanoelectronics and nanophotonics and can provide unique spintronic properties for particularly photonic applications and in bionanosensors, as well as function as nanoswitches and nanoresistors.
Modification of carbon nanotubes can furthermore be a critical part of tailoring their properties for other applications as well, such as environmental remediation, catalysis, battery components, or also as fuel sources.
It can also pave the way for achievements in functionalizing similar nanomaterials such as nanocones, bucky-balls, graphene sheets and other nanomaterials composed entirely of carbon and expand the knowledge in organic chemistry and chemical nanotechnology. Not only does functionalization of carbon nanotubes play a critical role for achieving new variants of these organic nanomaterials for state-of-the-art nanotechnologies and bionanotechnologies. This review is important, is in conjecture with the latest developments in synthesis and modification of CNTs, and provides the know-how for developing new CNT-based state-of-the-art technologies, particularly with emphasis on computing, catalysis, environmental remediation as well as microelectronics.Ĭhemical functionalization of carbon nanotubes (CNT) is perhaps one of the most important challenges in organic chemistry and chemical nanotechnology in present time. Future nanoelectronic circuits and structures can therefore depend more and more on how carbon nanotubes are modified and functionalized, and for this, solubilization is often a critical part of their fabrication process. An example lies in the preservation of the aromatic chemistry in CNTs and ligation of functional groups to their surfaces, which confers CNTs with an optimal potential as tunable Schottky contacts, or as parts in nanotransistors and nano-resistances. The methods presented herein show that solubilized carbon nanotubes have a great potential in being applied as reactants and components for advanced solar cell technologies, nanochemical compounds in electronics and as parts in thermal transfer management. In this review, a comprehensive survey of the methods of solubilization of carbon nanotubes is presented, forming the methodological foundation for synthesis and manufacturing of modified nanomaterials. Carbon nanotubes are also intriguing given their unique π-electron-rich structures, which opens a variety of possibilities for modifications and alterations of their chemical and electronic properties. Carbon nanotubes (CNTs) are a central part of advanced nanomaterials and are used in state-of-the-art technologies, based on their high tensile strength, excellent thermal transfer properties, low-band gaps and optimal chemical and physical stability.
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